When we Westerners think of the fall of Rome to the barbarians in 476 with the death of Romulus Agustus, we think this is the end of the Roman Empire. That is not at all so. The Roman Empire continued as a flourishing society in the East until May 29, 1453, when Constantine XI was killed by the Turks under Mohammed II. It lasted almost a full 1000 years longer. They called themselves "Romans" from the beginning when Constantine I founded "New Rome," renaming the old city of Byzantium. The people began to call it Constantinople, "Constantine's City," from the beginning. It is still called that....